Half a century after iconic Apollo Missions which allowed twelve men to walk on the Buwan sa pagitan ng 1968 at 1972, NASA is set to embark on ambitious Artemis Moon Mission designed not only to create long term pantao presence on and around the Buwan but also to learn lessons in preparation for pantao missions and habitations on Marte. Malalim puwang pantao habitation, enabling tao to become a multi planeta species to thwart the risk of extinction is still a very far dream however a beginning is to happen in near future.
“Since, in the long run, every pamplaneta civilization will be endangered by impacts from puwang, every surviving civilization is obliged to become spacefaring—not because of exploratory or romantic zeal, but for the most practical reason imaginable: staying alive.” – Carl Sagan, 1994.
Artemis I, an uncrewed flight test, the first in a series of Artemis’s increasingly complex missions to the Buwan, is scheduled to lift off on 29 August 2022. This will pave the way for future crewed flights (Artemis II, Artemis III, and beyond) to the ukol sa buwan surface. In 2024, Artemis will land the first woman and the first person of colour on the Buwan.
Anong mga set Artemis apart is its aim to build a base camp on the lunar surface to give astronauts a place to live and work on the gumala. Artemis Base Camp includes a modern cabin, a rover, and a mobile home. It is true that tao have been living and working on International Puwang Station (ISS) for several years however Artemis Mission will allow astronauts to live on the surface of another celestial body, hence one can argue that Artemis would be first concrete step towards colonisation of deep puwang. This aspect makes Artemis special.
Ang Artemis Buwan Misyon, NASA's collaborative programme with European Puwang Agency (ESA) and Canadian Puwang Agency (CSA) has three objectives –scientific discovery, economic benefits, and inspiration for new generation. There are six components of the mission
- Orion spacecraft: The exploration vehicle that will carry crew to puwang, provide emergency abort, sustain the crew during the travel and provide safe re-entry to the Earth.
- Puwang Launch System (SLS) Rocket: The heavy-lift rocket that will launch Orion spacecraft.
- Exploration Ground Systems (EGS): susuportahan ang paglulunsad at pagbawi ng mga bumabalik na astronaut.
- The Gateway: the spaceship in lunar orbita that will serve as multi-purpose outpost orbiting ang Buwan where astronauts will transfer between Orion and the lander. This will provide essential support for long-term pantao return to the lunar surface
- Tao Landing System: Lander will take astronauts from the Gateway in the lunar orbita sa ibabaw ng Buwan and back to the Gateway in the orbita.
- Artemis Base Camp: will serve as the home and the workplace for a crew of four astronauts on the surface of the Buwan for about 30-60 days. This will enable crew is to stay on the Buwan for up to two months at a time.
Tao habitation system is the key piece of the mission for living longer in deep puwang both for extending duration of operation as well as for optimal physical and mental wellbeing of the astronaut. This is certainly an imperative for future mission to Marte. The Transit Habitat is envisioned for long-duration missions.
Napapanatili pantao habitation on the surface of the Buwan is a very ambitious goal because of unique challenges posed by the lunar environment and the remoteness from the Earth. Notwithstanding this, experiences gained in successful operation of International Puwang Station (ISS) for over two decades should contribute in Artemis Buwan Misyon.
The Artemis Base Camp, as humanity’s first long-term home on land outside Earth will enable pantao missions to Marte. With this, the idea of making tao maramiplaneta species begins.
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Pinagmumulan:
- NASA. Artemis. Available sa https://www.nasa.gov/specials/artemis/
- NASA. Programa ni Artemis. Available sa https://www.nasa.gov/artemisprogram
- G. Flores, D. Harris, R. McCauley, S. Canerday, L. Ingram and N. Herrmann, “Deep Puwang Habitation: Establishing a Sustainable Tao Presence on the Moon and Beyond,” 2021 IEEE Aerospace Conference (50100), 2021, pp. 1-7, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO50100.2021.9438260
- NASA. Artemis Deep Space Habitation: Enabling a Sustained Tao Presence on the Moon and Beyond. Available at https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20220000245/downloads/Artemis%20Deep%20Space%20Habitation%20Enabling%20a%20Sustained%20Human%20Presence%20on%20the%20Moon%20and%20Beyond%20(3).pdf
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