James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), ang puwang observatory designed to conduct infrared astronomy and launched successfully on 25 December 2021 will enable two research teams to study earliest galaxies in the sansinukob. The research teams will use JWST’s powerful instruments (NIRISS, NIRCam and NIRSpec) to capture and characterize some of the earliest galaxies.
The Next Generation Deep Extragalactic Exploratory Public (NGDEEP) Survey will target Hubble Ultra Deep Field by pointing telescope’s Near-Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph (NIRISS) on the primary Hubble Ultra Deep Field and Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) on the parallel field. The two instruments NIRISS and NIRCam will capture infrared light (redshifted due to expansion of sansinukob). The data will be released immediately to benefit the researchers.
NGDEEP team will also identify metal elements in the early galaxies especially in smaller and dimmer ones that haven’t yet been thoroughly studied so far. Study of metal contents of galaxies is standard way to trace evolution across cosmic time. There were only hydrogen and helium in the beginning of the sansinukob. New elements were formed by successive generations of bituin. Studying metal contents of galaxies will help to plot out precisely when various elements existed and update models that project how galaxies evolved in the early sansinukob.
The other research team will examine the primary Hubble Ultra Deep Field using the microshutter array within the telescope’s Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec). This will provide first large sample of earliest galaxies that existed in the early sansinukob enabling researchers to understand them in detail.
The story of study of maagang uniberso began in 1995 with the decision to focus Hubble Puwang Telescope (HST) on nothing in the hitherto unexplored field in the sky. Hubble captured about 3000 images of galaxies at different stages of stellar evolution. Better known as Hubble Deep Field, these images were first pictures of early galaxies and revolutionised the field of astronomy.
As a successor of Hubble puwang telescope (HST), James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is carrying forward the Hubble telescope’s legacy in the area of study of early sansinukob. Webb telescope aims to search for light from the first bituin and galaxies that formed in the Sansinukob after the Big Bang to study the formation and evolution of galaxies, to understand the formation of bituin at pamplaneta systems and to study pamplaneta systems and the origins of life.
Ang maagang sansinukob in the first several hundred million years after the big bang was a very different place. It was semi-opaque. This is when the first galaxies in the sansinukob were beginning to form. Many distant galaxies have been spotted by the telescopes but none earlier than 400 million years after the big bang. What were galaxies that existed even earlier like? The above mentioned, two research teams will answer just this by revealing details of the earliest chapters of kalawakan ebolusyon.
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Pinagmumulan:
- NASA 2022. NASA's Webb to Uncover Riches of the Early Universe, Na-publish noong 22 Hunyo 2022. Available online sa https://webbtelescope.org/contents/news-releases/2022/news-2022-015.html Na-access noong 23 Hunyo 2022.
- Prasad U., 2021. James Webb Space Telescope (JWST): Ang Unang Space Observatory na Nakatuon sa Pag-aaral ng Maagang Uniberso. Siyentipikong European. Na-publish noong Nobyembre 6, 2021. Available online sa http://scientificeuropean.co.uk/sciences/space/james-webb-space-telescope-jwst-the-first-space-observatory-dedicated-to-the-study-of-early-universe/
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